Scouring apparatus



Feb. 8, 1949. Q A, DRElsBACl-q 2,460,926

SCOURING APPARATUS Feb- 8, 1949. c. A. DRElsBAcl-l SCOURING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed July 2, 1946 c. A. DRElsBAcH 2,460,926

SGOURING APPARATUS 4 sheets-sheet s Feb. 8, 1949.

Filed July 2, 1946 Feb. 8, 1949. c. A. DRElsBAcH 2,460,926

SCOURING APPARATUS Filed July; 2, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Feb. 8, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SCOURING APPARATUS Charles A. Dreisbach, Yonkers, N. Y.

Application July 2, 1946, Serial No. 680,917 n The present invention relates to improvements in scouring apparatus of the type which serves `to proj ectscouring or cleaning media against articles which it is desired to scour or clean. The scouring media referred to may be in any suitable and ef'- fective form such, for inst-ance, as abrasive parti'cles, mixtures of abrasive particles with air and/or liquids, or in some instances air and/or liquids without abrasive particles.

One of the main objects of the present invention is toprovide a superior scouring apparatus whereby articles may have substantially all of their'various surface areas subjected to the impact of scouring media. l

Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of the character referred to, and having a superior construction and arrangement of partsv whereby a plurality of articles may be shifted in a simple, reliable and effective manner -to expose their various; surface areas to the impact of a scouring medi-a.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a superior scouring apparatus so constructed and arranged that the articles being cleaned or scoured are caused to rub against each other While receiving the impact of scour-v ing media, to thus facilitate the cleaning actio-n.

A still further object is to provide a superior apparatus of the character referred to, whereby a plurality of articles may be shifted with respect to each and While being so shifted, subjected to the impact of scouring media and in which apparatus simple, reliable and effective means is provided for re-circulating the scouring media.

With the above and other objects in View, as will appear to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure, this invention includes all features in the said disclosure which are noveiover e the prior art.

In the accompanying drawings, in whichcertain modes of carrying out the present invention are shown for illustrative purposes:

Fig. 1 is a View in side elevation of one form of scouring apparatus embodying the'present invention;

Fig. 2 is a View thereof in front elevation;

Fig. 3 is a top or plan view thereof;

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional View on an enlarged scale taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4; Y A

Fig. 6 is av view in front edge elevation of the unit comprising the pan or container together with its track; v

Fig. 7 is a broken detail sectional View taken on the line 'I-'I of Fig. 6, but on a larger scale;

Fig. 8 is a broken detail sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 4, but on a larger scale;

Fig. 9 is -a view in side elevation of the scouring-head, detached;

Fig. 10 is a sectional `View taken on the line III-Ill o-f Fig; 9; and

Figs. 11 to 14 inclusive are plan views schematically illustrating various phase-s of the gyrating movement of the pan or container.

The particular scouring apparatus chosen for illustration in the accompanying drawings for purposes of making clear-a preferred form of the present invention, includes a casing generally designated bythe reference character I5 which, save for features as will be hereinafter described, is substantially airtight and may be conveniently formed of welded sheet metal. The said casing I5 includ'es a front wall I6, a back wall I1, complemental side walls I8 and I9, a top wall 20 and a bottom wall 2I.

Extending from side to side across the top of the casing I5 and in spaced relation above the top wall 20 thereof, are two similar head-frames 22-22 supported at their respective opposite ends on pairs of vertical posts 23-23 and 24--24 respectively secured to the outer faces ofthe side Walls I8 and I9. 4Suitable diagonal bracings 25 are preferably also employed adjacent each of the side walls I8 and `I 9 toY give the desired rigidity to the structure. f

Welded or otherwise rigidly secured to the underfaces of the head-frames 22-22, is a headbearing 26 in which rotates a vertical gyratordrive tube Z'I. At its upper end in a plane above the head-frames 22-22, the said tube 2l has rigidly attached to it a worm-wheel 28 'which is meshed into and driven by a worm 29 secured to a horizontal drive-shaft 30 adjacentthe rear end thereof, as is indicated in Fig. 3. At its forward end, the drive-shaft 30 is connected to and driven by anelectric motor 3I which is preferably of the reduction-gear type. Both the worm 29 and the electric motor 3l are carried'by a mountingplate 32 which is rigidly mounted upon the upper surfaces of the head-frames 22-22.

The lower end of the gyrator-drive tube 21 extends into the interior of the casing I5 through a relatively-large-diametered opening 33 formed centrally in the top wall 20 of 4the said casing. Rigidly mounted upon the lower end of the tube 21 is a disk-like closure-plate 34 having a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the opening 33, and so located as to slidably engage the under-face of the top Wall 2t at the portion thereof immediately surrounding the opening 33, as is indicated in Fig. 4.

At a point intermediate the upper surface of the top wall 2G and the lower edge of the headbearing 26, the inner portion of a gyrator-arm 35 is rigidly secured to the exterior of the rotary gyrator-drive tube 21. At its outer end, the said gyrator-arm 35 is provided with a gyrating bearing 36 having, its longitudinal axis inclined downwardly-and-nwardly' toward the axisv about which the gyrator-drive tube 21 turns, all as is indicated in Fig. 4.

Bodily movable with and rotatably mounted in the gyrating bearing 36 above referred to, is an inclined driveshaft 31 having its lower end projecting through and rotating in' the closureplate 34 and having its projecting upper endv provided with a multi-groove drive-pulley 38.

Extending around the drive-pulley 38 is a plurality of V-belts 39' which alsoy extend around a multi-groove drive-pulley 4'0 driven by anelectric motor 4.! secured to the outer portion or the gyrator-arm 35- and bodily movable therewith.

The lower or inner end of the inclined driveshaft 31 fits within and is keyed toa tubular neck 4t2 centrally projecting upwardly from the upper member 43 of a rotary scouring-head generally designated by the reference character et. The scouring-head 41% just referred to also includes a lower member d which has anv upper face generally of convex form and snugly intertting with the generally-concave undenface of the upper member t3. Preferably' and as shown, a slidable sleeve 4S.- iits over the drive-shaft 3-'1 and the neck 42 at the point of their junction., tof exclude; foreign mattei'.

rlhe concave. under-face of' the upper memberv 43 and the upper-face of the lower concaveconvex member 45 of the scouring-head T41 are each complementally grooved to provide the said scouring-head with a plurality of substantiallyradial passages 41, for purposesv as will hereinafter' appear. The outer ends of the said-` passages 4.1 each intersect the peripheral edge o the scouring-head while the inner ends. of the said passages are each curved downwardly and intersect the upper end of an axial feed-passage 68 formed jointly in the;v lower member 45 and in ay tubular stem t9 projecting downwardly from` the said' lower member in coaxial relationship with respect to the drive-shaft 311.

As will be apparent from; the foregoing,r the upper and' lower mem-bers. 431- and 45A are sep-1 arable from each other in an axial direction toA thus provide for convenient replacement and repair and also to permit the replacement of liners for the passages 41, when such liners areY Y employed.

The tubular stem 49 above referred to extends downwardly into the incl-ined tubular upper portion 50 of a bearing-head generally designated by the reference character 5i. The said upper portion 53 is coaxial with respect to the drive-shaft 31 and the gyrating-bearing. 36. Suitable antiiriction bearings such as 52 are inter-v posed between the tubular stern 4S and the tubular upper portion 58 of the bearing-head 5| as is indicated in Fig. 4.

The bearing-head 5l, in addition toits tubular upper portion 5G, also includes a tubular lower portion 53 of a larger diameter than the said upper portion, and arranged coaxially with respect to the gyrator-drive tube: 21Vr at the upper end of the structure'.

The tubular lower portion 53 of the bearinghead 5i above referred to, is provided interiorly with suitable antifriction material `5l! which turns upon a hollow bearing-stud 55 located within the casing I5 at a point about midway the height thereof and supported on a suitable framestructure 56 connected to the lateral walls of the casing i5 in any suitable manner as, for instance, by welding.

Extending completely across the. interior of the' casing l5 at a'point below theV bearing-head 5l is a screen-plate 51 having its apertures opening downwardly into the upper end of a conical hopper 58 which tapers downwardly-and-inwardly toward a point which is coaxial with respect tothe axis of the gyrator-drive tube 21 at the Y upper end of the. structure, all as will be apparent by reference to Fig. 4.

The feed-passages 48 in the lower member 45 of the scouring-head 44 opens into the interior of the tubular bearing-stud 55,` and into the expanded; upper end of a vertical feed-tube 59 co-` axial with the said bearing-stud 55andextending. downwardly through the disk-like bottom wall litA of the hopper 58. The said bottom. wall is welded or otherwise rigidly attached tothe lower end ofY the: hopper 53 and, i-nturn, has the upper edge of a cupshaped. member 5l wel-ded to its. under-face. Thev said member iii is provided with aseries of apertures 62 in its sidewall. Encircling the sidewall of the said member 6I, is a regulating-ring- 63 QFigs. 4 and 8) also provided with a seriesof apertures 64 which are adapted to be moved more or less intoregistryA with the apertures 62y the member 5t, for purposes as. will hereinafter' appear.

For the purpose of turning. the regulating-ring` 63 with respect to the,member (il to thus vary thedegree of registry or its apertures 53 with respect to the apertures 62, a link 65 is pivotal-ly connected at its inner end tothe said regulating@ ring and isV extended outwardly through the wall i9 of the casingr I5 into a posi-tion convenient for manual'. manipulation.

The diskelike bottornwall SilA of` the hopper 58 is provided with an annular series of apertures 65 through which scouring material may pass from the said hopper 58 into the cup-shaped: member 6l for passage upwardly through the feed-tube 59, all in, a manner as will. hereinafter appear. For' the purpose of regulating the eiectivefarea of the; apertures 6.6 in the bottom` wall 6,3 of theA hopper 58y a ring-like regulatingplate 6'# is mounted against the upper face oi the bottom wallL EB withV capaci-ty for being turned with respect thereto.

The regulating-plate 51 above referred to, is formedwith an annular'series-k of apertures 88 each of which is adapted. to be moved more or less into registry with an individual aperture 66 in the bottom wall 63. Surrounding the lower portion of the feed-tube 59 and rigidly connected at its lower end to the regulating-plate 51, is anv adjusting-tubey 5S by means Yof which the said regulating-plate may be turned. Pivotally connected to the upper portion of the adjusting-- tube S9.- is thek innerendK of a link 1t] having its outer end projecting throughthe sidewall I9 of the casing I5 into aposition for convenient manipulation. p

Mounted for rotation upon the upper portion 5D of the bearing-head 5| is a bearing-member 'H` having suitable antifriction material 12 interposed between4 it and the bearingfhead 5l.

The bearing-member 1I' is provided witha plu-v rality of radial armsV 13 which may be welded or otherwise secured to the conically-contoured central` portion 14 of an article-container, in the form of a pan generally designated bythe reference. character 15. In addition to its conical central portion 14, thepan 15 includes a perforated bottom wall 16 and a substantially-VA annular side wall 11.

By means of the bearing-member 1I, the pan 15 may be permitted to rotate with respect to the upper portion 50 ofthe bearing-head 5I, should such rotation be desired.

Rigidly attached to the under-face of the pan 15 concentrically with respect' to the drive-shaft 31 and associated parts, is a track-ring 18 which ispreferably provided with an annular series of teeth 19.

The track-ring 18 of the pan 15 engages with a similar track-ring 80 carried by the framestructure 56 and preferably having upwardlyextending teeth BI adapted to be meshed into by the teeth 19 of the track-ring 18, in a manner as will hereinafter appear.

The pan 15 above referred to, is designed and adapted to receive a plurality of Aarticles to be scoured, and to provide for the convenient discharge of such articles after the same have been scoured or cleaned, the ange-like side wall,V 11 is provided with a discharge-opening 82 which is normally closed by a removable gate 83. For the purpose of providing for-the convenient removal of the gate 83 justreferred to, the same has rigidly secured to its upper end a transverseretaining-bar 84 formed at each of its oppositelyprojecting ends with downwardly-opening notches 85-85 adapted to t over retainingstuds 85-86 located on the outer face of the pan 15 respectively on opposite sides of the dischargeopening 82 therein, as is clearly illustrated in Fig.,6. Secured to the lower portion of the gate 83, is a retaining-bar 81 corresponding to theretaining-bar 84 above described and formed in each of its projecting opposite ends with one of two notches 88--88 respectively fitting over retaining-studs 89-89 corresponding to theretaining-studs 85-85 and projecting outwardly from the lower portion ofthe side wall 11.v `The gate 83 may be removed by lifting thesame upwardly, to thus leave the discharge-opening. 82 in the pan 15 entirely clear.

Rigidly secured to the inner face of theY iront wall I6 of the casing I5 immediately abovethe screen-plate 51 thereof, is a discharge-chutes!) which is inclined outwardly-and-downwardly and has its inner edge located in a position to register with the bottom wall 16 of the pan 15 whenthe said pan is tilted into the position illustrated in Fig. 4. Immediately above the discharge-chute 90, the front wall I6 is formed with a dischargeopening SI which is normally closed by a dis-V charge-trough 92 pivoted adjacent itslower end to the casing I and normally held in its Yclosed position by a latch 93, as is indicated in Fig. 4. When the said discharge-trough 92 is Yswung downwardly into the position shown by full lines in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 and by broken lines in Fig-.4, it registers with and forms a continuation of the discharge-chute 90. Y

Rigidly secured to the inner face of the front wall 'S is a downwardly-and-inwardly-inclined loading-chute S4 which extends into a position to cause articles to fall into lthe pan when the latter is in the position in which it is indicated in Fig. 4. l Formed in the front wall I6 and extending upwardly from the outer end of the loading-.chute 94 is a loading-opening 95 which is normally closed by a loading-trough 96. The said loading-trough is pivoted to thecasing I5 adjacent its lower end, and is releasably held in its closed position (Fig. 4) by a latch 91.

Theparticular scouring apparatus illustrated and above described in detail is primarily designed to project scouring media in the form of abrasive particles mixed with air, though available -for projecting other forms of scouring or cleaning media. l

For the purpose of admitting air for passage upwardly through the `feed-tube 59 etc., the front wall 'I6 of the casing I5 is provided with an airinlet opening 98 located in a plane below the junction between the conical hopper 58 and the various lateral Walls of the casing I5, so as to be 'sealed' ou', in effect, from the part of the interior of the said casing which is located above the said'hopper. Y

Operation For purposes of description, let it be assumed that .the pan 15 is tilted into the position in which it ismost clearly shown in Fig. 4 and that the discharge-trough 92 is swung upwardly into position to close the discharge-opening 9|. It may be further assumed that the loading-trough 95 is unlatched and swung -downwardly into the position shown by full lines in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 5 and by broken lines in Fig. 4.

Metal castings or other articlesto be scoured or cleaned may now :be :pla-ced upon the upper surface of the loading-trough 96 for descent by gravity across the loading-shute 94 and thence into the pan or container 15.

After loading the articles int-o the -pan`15, the

loading-trough may be swung upwardly and latched in position to close the loading-opening 85,'as is'shown in Fig. 4.

The motor 3I may now be energized to eiect the turning of the gyrator-dri-ve tube 21 at a relatively-slow rate such, for instance, as three or four R. P. M. Y

The turning of the tube 21 will cause the gyrator-arm 35 to swing around at a similar rate of speed, carrying with it the motor 4I, the driveshaft 31 and connected parts, and will cause the Ibearing-head 5I to turn -upo-n the hollow bearingstud 55. A

' The turning ymovement above referred to will cause the pan' or container 15 to progressively tilt inY dierent directions, in the manner schematically illustrated in Figs. l1 to 14 inclusive, to thus substantially continuously cause the articles to be scoured to shift with respect to each other and with respect to the said pan.

The gyrating movement of the pan or con-` tainer 15, as above described, will not cause the same to rotate with respect t-o the bearing-head 5I by which it is carried, so long as the pitch di ameters of the two toothed track-rings 18 and 88 are the same. Should it be desired to have relative rotation take place', the said track-rings 18 and 88 may be differentiated in pitch diameter, to thus cause such rotation as the pan 15 is gyrated. I

When the motor 4| is energized, it will cause the drive-shaft 31 to turn about its inclined axis while the said drive-shaft is being ,bodily carried around by the gyrator-arm 35. The turning of the drive-shaft 31 will, in turn, effect the rotationof 'the scouring-head 44 [preferably ata peripheral speed well above one thousand feet per minute'.

"When the scouring-head M is rotated at.' speed, it serve. to expel air by centrifugal force. outwardly through its passages 4L and thaisV causeV an lip-draft through the feed-` passage Eu inits: tubular stern d8- and. also. the; feed-tube S with which .tlflev sa-idiced-passage; 48 communicates. In this; manner; air; entering the casing: 5: through the air-mietopenihg 38 in the casing 2.5 will -bz'edrawn at'high speed: the aperturesin; the regulating-ring 63,. thence. through the apertures 62 in the cup-shapedzm'ember 6i into` the mten'ior of the: said member for movement upwardly through. the feed-tube 58. As air is being drawn intothe interior of the' cup-shaped member ci, as abovedescribe abra.- sive :particles: (such, for instance, as' crushed steel shot, sand etc.) may be permitted tot enter the said cup-shaped member through the apertures (it.V im the rregulating-plate u? through the: apertures 66 in the bottom wall 6u oi the hopper 58 for mixture with the, said air and for move'- ment therewith upwardly through the feed-tube 59.. The mixture ci air and abrasive particles movi-ng upwardly through. the feed-tube 59 will also: pass upwardly through the feed-passage.v 48 ot the. scouring-head it@ and thence outwardlyv at high speed through the various radial.' passages u off the said scouring-head; for immngezmenty against the constantly-shifting mass of articies contained within the noW-gyrating Vpart or container 15.

In the manner above described, the articles contained in the pan or its equivalent will be substantially constantly shifted with respect: to the-said pan and with respect to eachother while being subjected to a blast of abrasive particles; beingthrown out at high speed throughthe radial passages M in the scouring-head 44, to thusy effect rapid, thorough and economical scouring.

As the pan or container 'i5 is gyrated,v thev cleaning media will work its way downwardly through the periorations in the bottom 16 of the said pan and thence back into the hopper 58' for re-use. Dust, etc., may be exhausted through the gyrator-drive tube 2?'.

. The ratio of abrasive particles to: air may be, adj-usted by appropriately shifting the aperture.' 6.4 with respect to the apertures 62 and the apertures es withrespect to the apertures 66, in the manner before described.

Instead of subjecting the articles in the pan or container l5Y tol the action of a mixture oi air and, abrasive particles, such articles, when desired, may be subjected to the; action of the ain, water or mixtures of water, air and/or abrasive partiel-es or other scouring or cleaning media or mixtures thereof.

After the completion of thecleaning or scouring, operation, the motor 4 i may be shut ofi to thus stop.- the rotation of the scouring-head.- M, and similarly the motor 31 may be shut ofi to stop the gyratory movement of the pan or container 1,5. Preferably, the motor 3l will be shut off. at such, time as to cause the upper end of the drive-1 shaft 3? to lean toward the front of the casing t5 when it comes t-o rest, to thus bring the discharge-opening 82 in the pan l5 into registry with4 the discharge-opening 9|- in the iron-t wall I6. By having the pitch diameter oi the tracki'ing 'I8 (and hence its number of teeth) corre.- sponding to the pitch diameter (and hence. in. its number of teeth) of the track-ring SIL; there will be assurance that the discharge-opening. 82 in the pan 'l5 will register with the dischargeopening 9|' in the front Wall l'B when the gyrator-arm 35 is stopped so as to extend directly 8 formuler, as isfndi'catedin Figs i m4, inclusive.

The discharge-trough 9c; may now be unlatched and swung downwardiy into the. position in. which it, is shown by fullf lines. in. Figs..1: and 2 and by broken lines in Fig. 4;. The gate 83 may now be removed: troniv out; of the discharge-opening 8-2 ini-the side Wall 'I1 of the pan 15, to permitl theA now cleaned articles to move outV of the said pan. by gravity assisted', if necessary, by'a manual raking action.

The invention may be carried out. in otherv specific Ways than those herein setL forth without departing from the spirit and essential' characteristics of; the invention, and the presen-t embodin'ientsr are, therefor to: be considered in all respects as. ilustrative andi not restrictive, and all changes coming Within the meaning and range. of the appended claims are iiuiendedi to be. embraced therein.

1. Ai'scouring apparatus, including incom-bination: a; gyratory containerconstructed and arranged to contain a plurality of articles to be scoured; gyrating-means constructed and arranged to progressively tilt the said gyra-tory container in diverse directions to. cause the articles contained therein to change position with respect to each.-V other;V cleaning-media-projecting means for projecting cleaning-media against the contents of' the said gyratory container as the said contents change position afsv a result of the gyrati'on of the said. container; and means for progressively tilting the said cleaning-media-projecting means` as. the said container k'progressively tilts; in diiierent1 directions.

2.,,fiscouring apparatus, includ-ing in combinations: a.: container rconstructecl and arranged to contain; a. plurality of articles to. be scoured and having; a bottom tilted at. an angle which is intcrmediate the. horizontal andA vertical. planes; emitting-means constructed and arranged to pro gressiavely change the. direction of tilt of' the bottom of the said container to cause the articles contained in the latter to,v change position with respect toA eachother; cleaning-media-projecting means for projecting cleaning-media against the contents of; the said container' as the said contents change position as the` result. of the change in; direction of. tilt of the'bottom of the said container; and means for progressively tilting the cleaning-media-projiecting means as the tilt of the said bottom progressively changes in directiom Y Y 3a A. scouring; apparatus, including in combination: a. gyratory container having asubsta-ntiailyeannular traclc and constructed and arranged to contain a plurality of articles` to be scoured; a substantially-ann-ularl supportingtrack engaged by the track of the said container but arranged at an, angl-e with respect thereto; grating-means constructed' and arranged to progressiyely'tilt. the said gyratory container in diverseV directions tocause the articles containedV therein to change position with respect` to each.

Vother and to. progressivelyI engage. dierent por- Vprogressively changed.

respect to each other and to progressively engage different portions Aof the said track with the said supporting track; cleaning media projecting means for projecting cleaning-mediaagainst the contents of the said container as the said contents change position as the result of the change in direction of tilt of the bottom of the said container; and means for progressively tilting the said cleaning-media-projecting means as the bottom-of the said container has its direction of tilt 5. A scouring apparatus, including in combination: a gyratory container constructed and arranged to contain a plurality of articles to be scoured; gyrating-means constructed and arranged to progressively tilt the said gyratory container in diverse directions to cause the articles contained therein to change position with respect to each other; rotary cleaning-media-projecting,i means constructed and arranged to project cleaning-media against the contents of the said gyratory container; and drive-means operatively connected to the said4 cleaning-media-'projecting means to rotate the same with respectto the said gyratory container.

6. A scouring, apparatus, including in combi-v nation: a gyratory container constructed and arranged to contain a plurality of articles to be scoured; gyrating-means constructedv and arranged to progressively tilt the said gyratory container in diverse directions to cause the articles contained therein to change position With respect Y to each other; rotary cleaning-media-projecting means constructed and arranged to project cleans ing-media against the contents of the said 'gyratory container; drive-means operatively connected to the said cleaning-media-projecting means to rotate the same -With respect to the said gyratory container; and means progressively tilting the said cleaning-media-projecting means'k as the same rotates and as the said container progressively tilts in different directions.A

7. A scouring apparatus, including in combination: a container constructed and arranged to contain a plurality of articles to be scoured and Y having a perforated bottom tilted at an angle which is intermediate the horizontal and vertical planes; a hopper located beneath the perforated bottom of the said container; gyratingmeans constructed and arranged to progressively change the direction of tilt of the bottom of the said container; cleaning-media-projecting means for projecting cleaning-media against the contents of the said container; and cleaning-media feed-means extending substantially centrally through the said container and communicating at its opposite ends with the said cleaningmedia-projecting means and the said hopper respectively. Y

8. A scouring apparatus, including in combination: a container constructed andarranged to contain a plurality of articles to be scoured and havingla perforated 'bottom tilted atfan4 angle Whichis intermediate the horizontaland'vertical planes; a hopper located beneath the perforatedbottom of the said container; gyrating-means constructed and arranged to progressively change the direction of `tilt of the bottom of the said container; cleaning-media-projecting means for lprojecting'cleaning-media against the contents of the said container; cleaning-media feedmeans extending substantially centrally through the said container and communicating at its oppositeends with the saidYcleaning-media-projectsaid container; rotary cleaning-media-projecting. means for projecting cleaning-media against thelcontents'of theasaid container; drive-means operatively connected to the said cleaning-media-V projecting means/to rotate the samewith respect to thes'aid gyratory container; and cleaningmedia feed-meansV extending substantially centraliy through the'said container and communicating at its opposite. ends with the said cleaning-media-projecting 'means andthe said hopper respectively.,V` v

`10..1A scouring apparatus,` including in fcombinationzfa; container constructed andV arranged to-contain aplurality of articles to be scoured andfhaving'a 4perforated'bottom tilted at an anglerw'hichjis intermediate the horizontal and vertical planes;,a hopper located beneath the 1 tilting the said cleaning-media-projecting means as the tilt of the said perforated bottom progressively changes in direction.

11.-A scouring apparatus, including in combinationza container constructed and arranged to contain a plurality of articles to be scoured and having a perforatedbottom tilted at an angle which is ,intermediate the horizontal and vertical planes; a hopper located beneath the perforated bottom of the said container; gyratingmeans constructed and arranged to progressively change the direction of tilt of the bottom of the said container; rotary cleaning-media-projecting means for projecting cleaning-media against the contents of the said container; drive-means carried for bodily movement by the said gyrat- A ing-means and operatively connected to the said cleaning-media-projecting means to rotate the ll samewith respect to. the, said gyratorycontainer; and' cleaning-media feed-means extendingsubstantially centrally through the said container and communicating at'. its 'opposite ends with the said cleaning-inedia-prpjecting means and the said hopper respectively.V

12'. A scouring apparatus, including in combination; a container constructed and arranged to contain a plurality of 'articles to be scoured and having a perforated bottom `tilted at. an angle which` is intermediate the horizontal and vertical planes; a. hopper located beneath the perforated bottom ofV the said container; gyratingemeans constructed and arranged to progressively change the direction of tilt of the bottom oi the` said container; rotary cleaning media projecting means for projecting cleaning-media againstfthe contents. of the, said container; drive-means carried for bodily movement bythe said gyratingmeans and operatively connected Vto the said cleaning-media-projecting means to rotate .the same with respect to the said gyratory container; cleaning-media feed-means extending substantially centrally'through the said, container and communicating at its opposite ends with. the said cleaning-media-projecting vmeans and the said hopper respectively; and means progressively tilting the said cleaning-media-proj'ecting means as the tilt of the said perforated bottom progressively changes in direction. Y f s 13. A scouring apparatus, including in combination: a gyratory container constructed and arranged to contain a pluralityof articles to. be

scoured; a substantially-verticall drive-member located above the said container; a gyrator-arm driven by and projecting laterally outwardlyirom.

the said drive-member and providedwith bearing-means inclined downwardly andfinwardly toward the` axis about which the saiddrive-member turns; a drive-shaft rotating in` the said bearing-means; a drive-motor operatively connected to the said drive-shaft and carried by the said gyrator-armfor bodily movement therewith; a

rotary cleaning-media-projecting head substantially coaxial with and operatively connectedto thesaid drive-shaft for beingrotated thereby and positioned to project cleaning-media against the contents ofi the said container; means connecting the said gyratory container to the said drivesliaft 4with freedom for relative rotation there-A between andV constructed and arranged to progressively tilt the said container as the said driveshaft is bodily moved bythe said gyrator-arm; and means for turning the said substantiallyvertical 'drive-member to effect the swinging movement of the said gyrator-arzn and the bodily movement of the said drive-shaft and its said drive-motor.

`l4'.'A scouring apparatus, including in combia container adaptedxto. contain a plurality oi' articles to; bei scoured and having an periorated bottom tilted at an angle which. is inter-v mediate. the horizontal andzvertical planes; aV substantially-veiticalv drive-member located above the saidcontainer; a gyrator-arm driven byA and projecting. laterally from the sa-id drive-member and provided with bearing-means inclined downwardly and inwardly'toward the axis about which the said driveemember turns; a drive-shaft rotating in the said bearing-means; a drive-motor operatively ueormectedr to theV saiddrive-'shaft and carriedby the said gyrator-arm Vfor bodily movement therewith; 'a rotary cleaning-inedia-proiecting head1 substantially coaxial with and operatively connectedtothe said drive-shait for being rotated thereby and positioned to project cleaning-media against the contents ofthe said container; means connecting the said gyratory container to the said drive-shaft with freedom for relative rotation therebetweenand constructed and arrangedto progressively tilt the perforated bottom ofthe said container as the said driveshaft is bodily moved by the saidgyrator-arm; a hopper locatedbeneathv the said container; means for turning the said substantially-vertical drivemember to eiiect the swinging movement of the saidgyrator-arm and the bodily movement of the drive-motor; andclean-ing-media feed-means extending; substantially centrally through the said container and communicating at its opposite ends withthesaid cleaning-media-projecting hea-d and the said hopper respectively. f Y

CHARLES A. -ADREISBACI-l.

REFERENCES CITED The following references areloi record Yin tne -l'e ofthis patent: l

' UNITED STATESilrrniv'rs 118,443 Austria July 1o, 1930 

